Xylopia aethiopica

Xylopia aethiopica, commonly known as African calabash or graviola, is a plant native to tropical regions of Africa and South America. Traditionally, its use has not been extensively documented in any specific medical traditions. Scientific evidence suggests that the ethyl acetate fraction from the root of Xylopia aethiopica exhibits strong cytotoxic activity against HCC-70 cells, while the hexane extract from its fruit demonstrates activity against MCF-7 cells. Additionally, NTD-O2, an exopolysaccharide-stabilized emulsion derived from this plant, has shown enhanced antibacterial activity against certain foodborne pathogens and displayed selective antionchocercal and moderate antitrypanosomal activities; however, it contains a compound with known toxicological risks. Hematological parameters were observed to show minor changes, particularly reducing platelet levels, but no significant effects on other tested parameters. No major safety issues or recorded drug interactions have been identified for Xylopia aethiopica thus far.

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